An ear infection, also called acute otitis media, is an infection that occurs in the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum). It causes pain and swelling of the eardrum. An ear infection can happen in one or both ears. Although anyone can have an ear infection, they are more common in children than adults.

Most ear infections cause no long-term problems. But children who get many ear infections may be at risk for hearing loss.

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What are the signs and symptoms of an ear infection in children?

Some common symptoms of ear infection in children include:

  • Ear pain
  • Pulling or tugging on the ear
  • Fussiness or crying
  • Fever
  • Trouble sleeping
  • Loss of appetite

What causes an ear infection?

  • Bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza
  • Viruses, such as those that cause colds and flu

Your child may be more likely to get an ear infection after having a cold or other upper respiratory infection. Children between the ages of 6 months and 2 years are especially prone to ear infections.

How are ear infections treated?

Your child’s doctor will decide how to treat the ear infection based on your child’s age and how severe the infection is.

  • For mild infections, your doctor may suggest watchful waiting. This means waiting two to three days to see if the ear infection gets better on its own. In some cases, the body’s immune system can fight off the infection without any treatment.
  • In some cases, your child’s doctor may also suggest an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about the right type of medicine for your child’s age and weight.
  • Getting rest and drinking plenty of fluids can also help your child feel better.
  • For more severe infections, your child’s doctor may prescribe an antibiotic, such as amoxicillin.
  • Recurrent ear infections and/or infections that result in fluid in the middle ear space that does not clear after 3 months or more may be offered surgical management with ear tubes.

Doctors at Connecticut Children’s can determine the right plan if your child requires treatment for an ear infection.